Which of the following is a key component of an emergency action plan?

A key component of an emergency action plan is roles and responsibilities. This element is vital because it clearly defines who is responsible for each action during an emergency situation, ensuring that all lifeguards and staff know their specific duties. By outlining roles, the plan enhances coordination and efficiency, allowing for a swift response that can mitigate risks and enhance safety for patrons.

In contrast, while factors like the length of the swimming pool, staff uniforms, and patron activities may play a role in overall facility management or safety procedures, they do not directly contribute to the effectiveness of an emergency action plan in the same way that clear roles and responsibilities do.